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Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interior of a building to create a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for those who use the space. An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates and directs such improvement projects. An interior designer is a multifaceted profession that includes concept development, space planning, site visits, scheduling, research, communication with project stakeholders, construction management, etc., and project execution. Past and Present Typical interior of one of the houses in the Vlkolíniec Folk Architecture Park (Slovakia) In the past, interiors were designed instinctively as part of the building process.[1] The interior design profession is a consequence of societal evolution and the complex architecture resulting from the development of industrial processes. The pursuit of efficient use of space, user well-being and functional design has contributed to the development of the modern interior design profession. The interior design profession is separate and distinct from the role of interior decorator, a term commonly used in the United States. The term is less common in the UK, where the interior design profession is not yet regulated and is therefore not, strictly speaking, an official profession. In ancient India, architects were also interior designers. This can be deduced from the mention of the architect Vishwakarma, one of the gods of Indian mythology. In these 17th-century Indian architects and house designs, carvings depicting ancient texts and events can be seen in the palaces, while in medieval times wall paintings were a common feature of palatial dwellings in India, commonly referred to as havelis. Although most of the traditional houses have been demolished to make way for modern buildings, there are still around 2,000 villas in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan[2] where the murals can be seen. In ancient Egypt, "soul houses" (or model houses) were placed in tombs as receptacles for food offerings.From this, details of the interior layout of various residences of different Egyptian dynasties can be discerned, such as changes in ventilation, porches, columns, loggias, windows and doors. Reconstructed Roman triclinium or dining room with three clinai or sofas. Interior wall paintings have existed for at least 5,000 years, with examples as early as the Ness of Brodgar[4], as well as stenciled interiors such as the Rules of Skara Brae show this.[5] It's the Greeks, then the Romans in the first millennium BC. They added matching decorative mosaic floors and stenciled baths, shops, civil offices, castra (fortress) and temples, and interiors. With specialized companies for the manufacture of interior decorations and furniture according to the formula in buildings built according to the forms defined by Roman architects such as Vitruvius: De architectura, libri decem (The Ten Books of Architecture). Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries and into the early 19th century, interior decoration was done by a housewife, an upholsterer or a hired craftsman who advised on the artistic style of the interior decoration. Architects also employed craftsmen to decorate the interiors of their buildings. In the mid to late 19th century, interior design services grew significantly as the middle class in developed countries grew in power and wealth and began coveting national tokens of wealth to cement their new status. Large furniture companies have started to deal with general interior design and management, offering complete interior items in different styles. This business model evolved from mid-century to 1914, when the role was increasingly filled by independent, often amateur, designers.This paved the way for the emergence of professional interior design in the mid-20th century.[9] | |
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